The Ursinus Weekly, June 3, 1973

Commentator Rod MacLeish will deliver commencement address • Successes of the USGA reviewed for this year • Dean\u27s Office names top UC graduates • Chapter scholars selected • Editorial: Left, right, or in-between; That wonderful time of the year - for the seniors • Focus: Senior class president, Ed Podolak • Reflections: As the curtain comes down on class of \u2773 • Nietzsche\u27s fried nirvana nuts; The skipped diploma\u27s epitaph: Framed by a sister on training wheels • Letter to the editor: Reply to Shrew review • Spring sports end on encouraging note • Bears complete 9-10 baseball season • Ursinus golf season is year of underclassmen • Volleyball intramuralshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1106/thumbnail.jp

The Journal of Microelectronic Research 2005

https://scholarworks.rit.edu/meec_archive/1014/thumbnail.jp

Emerging Infectious Disease leads to Rapid Population Decline of Common British Birds

Emerging infectious diseases are increasingly cited as threats to wildlife, livestock and humans alike. They can threaten geographically isolated or critically endangered wildlife populations; however, relatively few studies have clearly demonstrated the extent to which emerging diseases can impact populations of common wildlife species. Here, we report the impact of an emerging protozoal disease on British populations of greenfinch Carduelis chloris and chaffinch Fringilla coelebs, two of the most common birds in Britain. Morphological and molecular analyses showed this to be due to Trichomonas gallinae. Trichomonosis emerged as a novel fatal disease of finches in Britain in 2005 and rapidly became epidemic within greenfinch, and to a lesser extent chaffinch, populations in 2006. By 2007, breeding populations of greenfinches and chaffinches in the geographic region of highest disease incidence had decreased by 35% and 21% respectively, representing mortality in excess of half a million birds. In contrast, declines were less pronounced or absent in these species in regions where the disease was found in intermediate or low incidence. Also, populations of dunnock Prunella modularis, which similarly feeds in gardens, but in which T. gallinae was rarely recorded, did not decline. This is the first trichomonosis epidemic reported in the scientific literature to negatively impact populations of free-ranging non-columbiform species, and such levels of mortality and decline due to an emerging infectious disease are unprecedented in British wild bird populations. This disease emergence event demonstrates the potential for a protozoan parasite to jump avian host taxonomic groups with dramatic effect over a short time period

Allometry of the Duration of Flight Feather Molt in Birds

Replacement of flight feathers takes disproportionately more time for large birds than it does for small birds, because feather length increases with body size almost twice as fast as feather growth rate increases

Abrolhos Bank Reef Health Evaluated by Means of Water Quality, Microbial Diversity, Benthic Cover, and Fish Biomass Data

The health of the coral reefs of the Abrolhos Bank (southwestern Atlantic) was characterized with a holistic approach using measurements of four ecosystem components: (i) inorganic and organic nutrient concentrations, [1] fish biomass, [1] macroalgal and coral cover and (iv) microbial community composition and abundance. The possible benefits of protection from fishing were particularly evaluated by comparing sites with varying levels of protection. Two reefs within the well-enforced no-take area of the National Marine Park of Abrolhos (Parcel dos Abrolhos and California) were compared with two unprotected coastal reefs (Sebastião Gomes and Pedra de Leste) and one legally protected but poorly enforced coastal reef (the “paper park” of Timbebas Reef). The fish biomass was lower and the fleshy macroalgal cover was higher in the unprotected reefs compared with the protected areas. The unprotected and protected reefs had similar seawater chemistry. Lower vibrio CFU counts were observed in the fully protected area of California Reef. Metagenome analysis showed that the unprotected reefs had a higher abundance of archaeal and viral sequences and more bacterial pathogens, while the protected reefs had a higher abundance of genes related to photosynthesis. Similar to other reef systems in the world, there was evidence that reductions in the biomass of herbivorous fishes and the consequent increase in macroalgal cover in the Abrolhos Bank may be affecting microbial diversity and abundance. Through the integration of different types of ecological data, the present study showed that protection from fishing may lead to greater reef health. The data presented herein suggest that protected coral reefs have higher microbial diversity, with the most degraded reef (Sebastião Gomes) showing a marked reduction in microbial species richness. It is concluded that ecological conditions in unprotected reefs may promote the growth and rapid evolution of opportunistic microbial pathogens

Surface Mol (CD11b/CD18) glycoprotein is up-modulated by neutrophils recruited to sites of inflammation in vivo

Inasmuch as the recruitment of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) to inflammatory foci in vivo involves adhesion-dependent events (e.g., margination, diapedesis, and directed migration), we sought to characterize the relationship between the local accumulation of PMNs in sterile peritonitis and their surface expression of the adhesion-promoting plasma membrane glycoprotein. Mol (CD11b/ CD18). In an immunofluorescence analysis of PMNs isolated from rats injected intraperitoneally with sterile 1% glycogen solution, we detected a significant enhancement of surface Mol expression by exudative peritoneal PMNs. In contrast, no significant rise in Mol expression was noted over time by circulating intravascular PMNs (isolated simultaneously). However, these intravascular PMNs had the capacity to increase their surface Mol density upon exposure to peritoneal fiuid supernatant at 37°C. These results demonstrate that PMNs at sites of inflammation in vivo do up-modulate their surface expression of the adhesion-promoting Mol glycoprotein during their recruitment from the circulating, intravascular leukocyte pool.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/44502/1/10753_2004_Article_BF00916757.pd

Expert consensus document: The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) consensus statement on the definition and scope of prebiotics

In December 2016, a panel of experts in microbiology, nutrition and clinical research was convened by the International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics to review the definition and scope of prebiotics. Consistent with the original embodiment of prebiotics, but aware of the latest scientific and clinical developments, the panel updated the definition of a prebiotic: a substrate that is selectively utilized by host microorganisms conferring a health benefit. This definition expands the concept of prebiotics to possibly include non-carbohydrate substances, applications to body sites other than the gastrointestinal tract, and diverse categories other than food. The requirement for selective microbiota-mediated mechanisms was retained. Beneficial health effects must be documented for a substance to be considered a prebiotic. The consensus definition applies also to prebiotics for use by animals, in which microbiota-focused strategies to maintain health and prevent disease is as relevant as for humans. Ultimately, the goal of this Consensus Statement is to engender appropriate use of the term ‘prebiotic’ by relevant stakeholders so that consistency and clarity can be achieved in research reports, product marketing and regulatory oversight of the category. To this end, we have reviewed several aspects of prebiotic science including its development, health benefits and legislation

Flow Based Observations from NETI@home and Honeynet Data

©2005 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or distribution to servers or lists, or to reuse any copyrighted component of this work in other works must be obtained from the IEEE. This material is presented to ensure timely dissemination of scholarly and technical work. Copyright and all rights therein are retained by authors or by other copyright holders. All persons copying this information are expected to adhere to the terms and constraints invoked by each author's copyright. In most cases, these works may not be reposted without the explicit permission of the copyright holder.Presented at the Sixth Annual IEEE Systems, Man and Cybernetics (SMC) Information Assurance Workshop, 2005We conduct a flow based comparison of honeynet traffic, representing malicious traffic, and NETI@home traffic, representing typical end user traffic. We present a cumulative distribution function of the number of packets for a TCP flow and learn that a large portion of these flows in both datasets are failed and potentially malicious connection attempts. Next, we look at a histogram of TCP port activity over large time scales to gain insight into port scanning and worm activity. One key observation is that new worms can linger on for more than a year after the initial release date. Finally, we look at activity relative to the IP address space and observe that the sources of malicious traffic are spread across the allocated range

Rapid Publication Reduction of Experimental Canine Myocardial Reperfusion Injury by a Monoclonal Antibody (Anti-Mol, Anti-CD llb) That Inhibits Leukocyte Adhesion

A monoclonal antibody (904) that binds to a leukocyte cell adhesion-promoting glycoprotein, (Mol; CD11b/CD18) was administered (1 mg/kg, iv.) to open chest anesthetized dogs 45 min after the induction of regional myocardial ischemia. Ischemia was produced by occluding the left circumflex coronary artery (LCX) for 90 min and then reperfusing for 6 h. There was no difference between control and antibody treated groups with respect to arterial blood pressure, heart rate, or LCX blood flow. Administration of antibody produced no observable effect on circulating neutrophil counts, suggesting that antibody-bound neutrophils were not cleared from the circulation. The mean size of myocardial infarct expressed as percentage of the area at risk of infarction that resulted was reduced by 46% with anti-Mol treatment (25.8±4.7%, n = 8) compared to contro